VORTEX CELL

Characterizing EO Destruction of PFAS and Other Recalcitrant Organic Toxins

Unlocking Waste Stream Variability and Choosing Optimal Andersson-Magnéli Phase Materials for Electrochemcial Oxidation, Keeping your EO process on stepahead at every stage.

Characterization: For Diffusion VS. MASS TRANSFER //

Electrolyser optimization for EO destruction of PFAS remains at a very early stage

The relationships between Diffusion dominated processes and Mass Transfer dominated processes - and how this changes as PFAS is broken down remains poorly understood.

Many use electrolysers optimized for Diffusion dominated processes – such as plate and frame electrolysers.
EO of recalcitrant organics such as dioxane and PFAS involve relatively dilute concentrations of high molecular weight targets, where Mass Transport effects likely dominate over Diffusion effects
However, this is unlikely to be constant as high molecular weight contaminants are broken down.

Wastewater by its nature, is a highly variable electrolyte.

Conventional electrochemical characterization tools and methods (Hull cells, Rotating Disk Electrolysers, cyclic voltammetry, etc.) can be of limited value in electrolyser optimization for highly variable feeds and dynamically degrading contaminants.

We believe that many EO teams choose and electrolyser design prematurely, without adequately characterizing the waste stream. This has committed some to sub-optimal electrolyser designs, unable to addressed variabilities inherent in waste streams.

Electrolyser trade-off For Diffusion Vs Mass Transfer limited Reactions //

PROS:

Widely used, efficient and compatible with high turbidity. Work well with concentrated electrolytes where species
CONS:

Llaminar electrolyte flow with very limited in-chamber mixing. Mass transfer limited by rapidly increasing pumping losses. Not good for organic electrochemistry, very dilut electrolytes.
PROS:

Widely used, efficient. Mixed electrolyte flow induced shear. Work well with dilute electrolytes and/or where species mobility is low (organics)
CONS:

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PROS:

Exceptional mass tranfer via electrolyte shear. Used for extreme electrolytes (recovering ppb level precious metals from waste, removing vanadium from crude oil). Exceptional reaction efficiency
CONS:

More expensive (moving parts, seals, etc.)

which parts of the navier Stokes Equation should you focus on? is the levich equation relevant?

Solution: Vortex Characterization Cell

Introducing the first EO Characterization Cell developed to unlock EO efficiency for waste stream variabilities. Our characterization cell provides rapid qualitative analysis of the relative importance of shear, residence time and concentration variations of PFAS destruction rates.

Objectives: Qualitative characterization of Mass Transport v Diffusion during EO

Characterize your PFAS waste streams, so you can select the best electrolyser.
Evaluate and select the best performing electrodes from our expanding range of Ebonex® and EboNext® Andersson-Magnéli Phase materials and coatings
Characterize waste stream variability in real-time
Manage PFAS mineralization rates of your EO process

Annular reaction chamber between Ebonex® and EboNext® coated Ti mesh electrodes supports flow-through and flow-by configurations with variable flow, vorticity and shear.